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Hitting your 50s or 60s can bring several life changes, and increasingly those include artificial joints. For much of the aging U.S. population, knees, in particular, are wearing out.

More than 600,000 knee replacements are performed annually in the U.S., according to The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. That number is expected to swell to 3 million by the year 2030, the publication’s study reported, partly because people are working longer and obesity is on the rise.

But while knee replacements are becoming a popular elective surgery, some studies estimate 20 percent or more of recipients aren’t pleased with the result. Medical experts question whether replacement surgery is being done too soon – or whether some people need a new knee at all.

“Surgery should only be done as a last resort,” says Dr. Victor Romano (www.romanomd.com), an orthopedist and author of Finding The Source: Maximizing Your Results – With and Without Orthopaedic Surgery. “A knee replacement can be life-changing, but they can also be painful, wear down prematurely and become infected.

“If you have debilitating pain and difficulty walking because of degenerative arthritis, surgery may be your best option no matter your age. Otherwise, there are sound reasons to avoid a knee replacement, or at least to postpone it until a more appropriate time.”

Romano says there are three main reasons to avoid or put off knee replacement surgery:

·       Plastic debris. A total knee replacement consists of metal moving on plastic. The plastic wears down over time, and that can be a pain – physically and financially – to patients who may have to get the prosthesis replaced once, twice or more. “The plastic debris accumulates in the knee joint,” Romano says. “The more active you are, the heavier you are, the more debris. The white cells, which attack foreign invaders, start attacking the surrounding bone. When it’s time to replace the plastic joint, we also have to replace the bone – and that’s a significant and unpleasant surgery.”

·       A prosthesis doesn’t last 30 years. This is a key reason why Romano thinks younger replacement candidates should wait as long as possible. “A total joint replacement in a 70-year-old patient will typically last 15 years,” Romano says. “With the average life expectancy being 85, chances are this would be the only knee replacement that patient would need. But for a 40-year-old who’s more active, it may only last 10 years. And remember, recovery is challenging. So it’s better to wait for technology to catch up. As it does, the better the knee replacements will be.”

·       Other remedies may work. Many people experiencing chronic knee pain are overweight or obese. “A healthy diet and exercise program can bring the weight down and take pressure off the knees,” Romano says. “Also, a hinged knee brace, supplements that aid in repairing worn cartilage, and injections such as cortisone or hyaluronic acid could reduce pain and restore the quality of life.”

“There are ways to at least buy time,” Romano says. “And there are patients who were told they needed a knee replacement, but with conservative therapy options, happily discovered otherwise and returned to their favorite activities without pain.”

About Dr. Victor Romano

Dr. Victor Romano is an orthopedic surgeon in Oak Park, Ill., and the author of Finding The Source: Maximizing Your Results – With and Without Orthopaedic Surgery. He is board-certified in orthopedics and sports medicine with over 25 years of experience in the field. He graduated cum laude from the University of Notre Dame and completed medical school at the University of Loyola-Chicago.